Fortress America: How We Embraced Fear and Abandoned Democracy

Elaine Tyler May

Basic Books, 2017

Agent: Sandra Dijkstra

An award-winning historian untangles the roots of America's culture of fear, and argues that it imperils our democracy

For the last sixty years, fear has seeped into every area of American life: Americans own more guns than citizens of any other country, sequester themselves in gated communities, and retreat from public spaces. And yet, crime rates have plummeted, making life in America safer than ever. Why, then, are Americans so afraid-and where does this fear lead to?

In this remarkable work of social history, Elaine Tyler May demonstrates how our obsession with security has made citizens fear each other and distrust the government, making America less safe and less democratic. Fortress America charts the rise of a muscular national culture, undercutting the common good. Instead of a thriving democracy of engaged citizens, we have become a paranoid, bunkered, militarized, and divided vigilante nation.

Accolades:

•Finalist in the General Nonfiction category for the Minnesota Book Award

Reviews:
“[May] traces how a growing preoccupation with vigilance and safety shaped American culture and prompted millions of people to invest in security measures that did not make them any safe.’”
New Republic
 
“[May] argues that the pervasive dread of the Cold War never really ended but metastasized into the American consciousness, particularly fear of cities and racial conflict.”
Public Books
 
“[Elaine Tyler May] explores how the United States got to this point of paranoia and how Americans made themselves prisoners in a world where security precaution is not just an industry but a lifestyle…The irony that May captures is that Americans have more to fear now than they ever have: they are just fretting over the wrong things.”
Australian Book Review

“If you feel shockingly high anxiety these days, and wonder why it got this way, Elaine Tyler May's Fortress America: How We Embraced Fear and Abandoned Democracy offers some answer…[May] puts much of the blame on an axis of anxiety including politicians, big media and entertainment, and an array of profiteers ranging from gun makers to security firms.”
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
 
“This thoroughly researched and thoughtfully written social history is recommended to all who seek to understand our divided society.”
Library Journal
 
[May] methodically dissects and debunks rampant fearmongering, whether by alarmist politicians or violent Hollywood thrillers, that has led to hyperbolic views of the threats Americans actually face. While May is far from the first to question how likely it is that the average citizen will be the victim of a terrorist, few have been as effective at connecting the broad sweep of 20th-century U.S. history to modern-day policies, such as broadly defined gun rights and highly aggressive and punitive law enforcement. This is a must-read for anyone seeking to understand the anxieties that occupy American politics.
Publishers Weekly (starred review)
 
“In making a solid case for our country's overinvestment in personal and national security, May asks a germane question: are we focusing on the right threats?”
Kirkus Reviews

“America founded itself on the principles of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, but for much of the last century, it has been increasingly seized by fear, suspicion, and anxiety. Elaine Tyler May has provided a lucid, accessible, and sweeping account of this national nervous breakdown. With acute intelligence and supple prose, she separates distortion from reality, fever dream from waking truth.”
Samuel Freedman, professor, Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism
 
“If you think the favored aim of Americans today is ‘freedom,’ this fast-paced and provocative book turns the tables on that assumption. Fortress America contends that security is the watchword of the past 50 years—with a misplaced and too often punitive exaggeration that has created more harms than benefit to ourselves and to democracy. Elaine Tyler May’s emphasis here deserves close reading.”
Nancy F. Cott, Trumbull Professor of American History, Harvard University
 
“Few historians have probed the hidden undercurrents of the Cold War as perceptively and brilliantly as Elaine Tyler May. In Homeward Bound, she explained how containment abroad seeped into America’s homes, and now, in her equally penetrating Fortress America, she reveals the fears and insecurities in those homes that emerged to elect our 45th President. A major contribution and a must-read to understand the origins of the Age of Trump.
Martin J. Sherwin, University Professor at George Mason University, Pulitzer Prize (with co-author Kai Bird) winner for American Prometheus
 
“In this brisk yet sobering book, Elaine Tyler May shows the way a culture of fear, nurtured during the Cold War, led Americans to fear each other. Citizens armed themselves and favored policies that fueled mass incarceration and scapegoating immigrants. May’s masterful synthesis of cultural history makes Fortress America a compelling read.”
Mary L. Dudziak, author of War Time
 
“Challenging and provocative, Fortress America will stir stimulating debate in the classroom and in the living room about the state of America in the post-World War II world.”
William Chafe, Alice Mary Baldwin Professor, emeritus, Duke University; former president, Organization of American Historians